CXCL2

CXCL2 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 2-alpha (MIP2-alpha), GRO2 oncogene (GRO2), and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2. This chemokine is secreted by monocytes and macrophages and is chemotactic for polymorphonuclear leukocytes and hematopoietic stem cells. The gene for CXCL2 is located on human chromosome 4 amongst other members of the CXC chemokine family.

Function

CXCL2 mobilizes cells by interacting with a cell surface chemokine receptor called CXCR2. It is a powerful neutrophil chemoattractant and activator, which has roles in immune and inflammatory responses. The CXCL2 protein is produced following stimulation by the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Expression of CXCL2 can be induced by NF-kappaB, which is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA.

Clinical significance

CXCL2 has been implicated in various diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. In the context of cancer, it can promote angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. It is also involved in the inflammation and tissue damage associated with myocardial infarction (heart attack).

See also

• CXC chemokine
• Chemokine
• CXCR2
• NF-kappaB

References

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External links

• CXCL2 at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

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