Interleukin 9

Interleukin 9 (or IL-9) is a type of cytokine that is produced by T cells. It is known to have various functions in the immune system, including promoting the growth and function of mast cells.

Structure

IL-9 is a small protein molecule that is part of the interleukin family of cytokines. It is composed of 144 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 30-40 kDa.

Function

IL-9 has a wide range of functions in the immune system. It is primarily produced by T helper cells (Th2 cells), but can also be produced by other types of cells, including mast cells and eosinophils. IL-9 acts on various cells in the immune system, including T cells, mast cells, and eosinophils. It promotes the growth and function of mast cells, which are important for the immune response to parasites and allergies. IL-9 also promotes the production of IgE, a type of antibody that is involved in allergic reactions.

Role in disease

IL-9 has been implicated in a number of diseases, including asthma, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. In asthma, IL-9 promotes the growth and function of mast cells, which can contribute to the inflammation and airway constriction that is characteristic of this disease. In autoimmune diseases, IL-9 can promote the production of antibodies that attack the body's own tissues. In cancer, IL-9 can promote the growth of tumor cells and inhibit the immune response to the tumor.

Therapeutic potential

Because of its role in disease, IL-9 is a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Several drugs that target IL-9 or its receptor are currently in development for the treatment of asthma, autoimmune diseases, and cancer.

See also

• Interleukin
• Cytokine
• T helper cell
• Mast cell
• Eosinophil
• IgE
• Asthma
• Autoimmune disease
• Cancer

References

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