CXCL3

CXCL3 is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family that is also known as GRO3 oncogene (GRO3), GRO protein alpha (GROα), and chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 3. CXCL3 controls migration and adhesion of monocytes and mediates it effects on its target cell by interacting with a cell surface chemokine receptor called CXCR2.

Structure

CXCL3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CXCL3 gene. The gene is located on chromosome 4 in a cluster among the other CXC chemokines. The protein encoded by this gene is secreted and is a major mediator of the inflammatory response.

Function

CXCL3 is secreted by macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. The chemokine is a chemoattractant for neutrophils. CXCL3 has been shown to have growth promoting activity and is also involved in wound healing.

Clinical Significance

CXCL3 has been implicated in a variety of diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is also involved in neutrophil activation in acute inflammation.

See Also

• Chemokine
• Cytokine
• CXCR2
• Monocytes
• Neutrophils
• Dendritic cells