Pulmonary regurgitation

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Pulmonary regurgitation
File:Diagram of the human heart (cropped).svg
Synonyms	Pulmonary insufficiency
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Dyspnea, fatigue, palpitations, syncope
Complications	Right ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure
Onset	Can be congenital or acquired
Duration	Chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Congenital heart disease, infective endocarditis, rheumatic fever, pulmonary hypertension
Risks	Congenital heart defects, Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
Diagnosis	Echocardiography, cardiac MRI, chest X-ray
Differential diagnosis	Aortic regurgitation, tricuspid regurgitation
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Valve replacement surgery, diuretics, ACE inhibitors
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Varies depending on severity and treatment
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

File:Rheumatic heart disease, gross pathology 20G0013 lores.jpg

Rheumatic heart disease, gross pathology

Pulmonary regurgitation (also known as pulmonic regurgitation) is a condition characterized by the backward flow of blood from the pulmonary artery into the right ventricle of the heart, caused by inadequate closure of the pulmonary valve. This condition is a type of heart valve disease and can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life.

Causes

Pulmonary regurgitation is most commonly caused by pulmonary hypertension, which is high blood pressure in the arteries that supply the lungs. Other causes can include infective endocarditis, a bacterial infection of the inner lining of the heart, and rheumatic heart disease, a complication of untreated strep throat.

Symptoms

In many cases, pulmonary regurgitation causes no noticeable symptoms. However, when symptoms do occur, they can include shortness of breath, especially during physical activity, fatigue, and swelling in the ankles, feet, or abdomen.

Diagnosis

Pulmonary regurgitation is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and diagnostic tests. These tests can include an echocardiogram, which uses sound waves to create images of the heart, and a cardiac catheterization, which involves threading a thin tube through a blood vessel to the heart.

Treatment

Treatment for pulmonary regurgitation depends on the severity of the condition and the underlying cause. In mild cases, no treatment may be necessary. In more severe cases, treatment options can include medications to lower blood pressure in the lungs, antibiotics to treat infective endocarditis, or surgery to repair or replace the pulmonary valve.

See also

• Heart valve
• Pulmonary artery
• Right ventricle
• Pulmonary hypertension
• Infective endocarditis
• Rheumatic heart disease
• Echocardiogram
• Cardiac catheterization

Cardiovascular disease A-Z

Most common cardiac diseases

• Cardiac arrhythmia‎
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• Ischemic heart diseases‎
• Pericardial disorders
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• Valvular heart disease‎

A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

A

• Accelerated idioventricular rhythm
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B

• Brown atrophy of the heart

C

• Ebb Cade
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D

• Duke Treadmill Score
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E

• Eisenmenger's syndrome
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H

• Heart attack
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A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

I

• Idiopathic giant-cell myocarditis
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K

• Keshan disease

L

• Loeffler endocarditis

M

• Mydicar
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N

• Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis

O

• OLR1
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P

• Papillary fibroelastoma
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R

• Right axis deviation
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S

• Saturated fat and cardiovascular disease
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A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

T

• Traumatic cardiac arrest

V

• Ventricular aneurysm
• Vibroacoustic disease
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W

• Waon therapy

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