Mitral valve stenosis

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Mitral Valve Stenosis

Mitral valve stenosis (pronunciation: MY-trul VALV steh-NO-sis) is a medical condition characterized by the narrowing of the mitral valve in the heart. This condition restricts the blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, leading to various symptoms and complications.

Etymology

The term "mitral valve stenosis" is derived from the Latin word "mitra", meaning a bishop's mitre (a type of hat), and the Greek word "stenosis", meaning narrowing. The mitral valve was named for its resemblance to a bishop's mitre.

Symptoms

Symptoms of mitral valve stenosis can include shortness of breath, fatigue, heart palpitations, and chest pain. In severe cases, it can lead to complications such as atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and pulmonary hypertension.

Causes

The most common cause of mitral valve stenosis is rheumatic fever, a complication of streptococcal infections. Other causes can include congenital heart defects, calcification of the mitral valve, and endocarditis.

Treatment

Treatment options for mitral valve stenosis can include medication, balloon valvuloplasty, or mitral valve surgery. The choice of treatment depends on the severity of the condition and the patient's overall health.

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