Mycoplasma
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| Mycoplasma infection | |
|---|---|
| File:M. haemofelis IP2011.jpg | |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fever, cough, sore throat, fatigue |
| Complications | Pneumonia, bronchitis, asthma exacerbation |
| Onset | Gradual |
| Duration | Weeks to months |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
| Risks | Close contact with infected individuals, immunocompromised state |
| Diagnosis | Serology, PCR testing |
| Differential diagnosis | Viral infection, bacterial pneumonia |
| Prevention | Good hygiene, avoiding close contact with infected individuals |
| Treatment | Antibiotics such as macrolides, tetracyclines, or fluoroquinolones |
| Medication | Azithromycin, doxycycline, levofloxacin |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | Rare |
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that lack a cell wall, making them naturally resistant to many common antibiotics such as penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis.[1]
Characteristics[edit]
The absence of a cell wall gives mycoplasmas the flexibility to change shape and size, a trait that makes them difficult to identify and control. Additionally, this property allows them to survive and proliferate in a variety of environmental conditions.[2]
Disease Involvement[edit]
Various species of Mycoplasma are pathogenic in humans. Most notably, Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia, while Mycoplasma genitalium is associated with sexually transmitted infections.[3]
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of mycoplasma infections typically involves polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing, culture, or serologic testing. These tests can identify the specific species responsible for infection.[4]
Treatment[edit]
Since mycoplasmas are resistant to antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis, treatment usually involves antibiotics such as macrolides, tetracyclines, or fluoroquinolones. Additionally, symptomatic management may be necessary depending on the severity of the infection.[5]
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
- ↑ Mycoplasma(link). {{{website}}}. NCBI Bookshelf. Accessed 2023-05-18.
- ↑ Mycoplasma(link). {{{website}}}. Britannica. Accessed 2023-05-18.
- ↑ Mycoplasma Infections(link). {{{website}}}. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed 2023-05-18.
- ↑ Mycoplasma Infections(link). {{{website}}}. MSD Manuals. Accessed 2023-05-18.
- ↑ Mycoplasma Infections(link). {{{website}}}. UpToDate. Accessed 2023-05-18.
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