Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans | |||
| synonyms = ACA | |||
| field = [[Dermatology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Skin]] discoloration, atrophy, [[neuropathy]] | |||
| complications = [[Peripheral neuropathy]], [[skin cancer]] | |||
| onset = Months to years after initial [[Borrelia burgdorferi]] infection | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = [[Borrelia afzelii]] infection | |||
| risks = [[Tick]] exposure, [[Lyme disease]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical diagnosis]], [[serology]] | |||
| differential = [[Scleroderma]], [[Morphea]], [[Lichen sclerosus]] | |||
| prevention = [[Tick bite prevention]], early treatment of [[Lyme disease]] | |||
| treatment = [[Antibiotics]] such as [[doxycycline]] or [[amoxicillin]] | |||
| medication = [[Doxycycline]], [[Amoxicillin]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, can lead to permanent skin changes | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans is a skin condition, and as the name suggests, it leads to chronic atrophy of the skin and polyneuropathy. | Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans is a skin condition, and as the name suggests, it leads to chronic atrophy of the skin and polyneuropathy. | ||
== Bacterial infection == | == Bacterial infection == | ||
This progressive skin condition caused by spirochete Borrelia afzelii, and to some lesser degree, B. afzelii, and Borrelia garinii. | This progressive skin condition caused by spirochete Borrelia afzelii, and to some lesser degree, B. afzelii, and Borrelia garinii. | ||
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== Clinical presentation == | == Clinical presentation == | ||
The skin rash is seen most commonly on extremities. | The skin rash is seen most commonly on extremities. | ||
== Stages == | == Stages == | ||
* It begins with an inflammatory stage and later with an atrophic phase. | * It begins with an inflammatory stage and later with an atrophic phase. | ||
* Sclerotic skin plaques may also develop. | * Sclerotic skin plaques may also develop. | ||
* ACA progresses the skin begins to wrinkle. | * ACA progresses the skin begins to wrinkle. | ||
== Testing == | == Testing == | ||
1)Screening test- IgM and IgG ELISA | 1)Screening test- IgM and IgG ELISA | ||
2) If 1 is positive or there is high clinical suspicion in spite of Elisa being negative than confirmatory test - Western Blot. | 2) If 1 is positive or there is high clinical suspicion in spite of Elisa being negative than confirmatory test - Western Blot. | ||
== Other methods == | == Other methods == | ||
Microscopy and culture (in modified Kelly's medium) of skin biopsy or blood samples. | Microscopy and culture (in modified Kelly's medium) of skin biopsy or blood samples. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
== Doxycycline == | == Doxycycline == | ||
Treatment consists of antibiotics including doxycycline and penicillin for up to four weeks in the acute case and sometimes longer. | Treatment consists of antibiotics including doxycycline and penicillin for up to four weeks in the acute case and sometimes longer. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Erythema migrans]] | * [[Erythema migrans]] | ||
* [[Lyme disease]] | * [[Lyme disease]] | ||
{{Cutaneous ketatosis, ulcer, atrophy, necrobiosis, and vasculitis}} | {{Cutaneous ketatosis, ulcer, atrophy, necrobiosis, and vasculitis}} | ||
{{Medicine}} | {{Medicine}} | ||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Acrodermatitis Chronica Atrophicans}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Acrodermatitis Chronica Atrophicans}} | ||
[[Category:Abnormalities of dermal fibrous and elastic tissue]] | [[Category:Abnormalities of dermal fibrous and elastic tissue]] | ||
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[[Category:Bacterium-related cutaneous conditions]] | [[Category:Bacterium-related cutaneous conditions]] | ||
{{No image}} | {{No image}} | ||
Latest revision as of 22:15, 3 April 2025
| Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | ACA |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Skin discoloration, atrophy, neuropathy |
| Complications | Peripheral neuropathy, skin cancer |
| Onset | Months to years after initial Borrelia burgdorferi infection |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Borrelia afzelii infection |
| Risks | Tick exposure, Lyme disease |
| Diagnosis | Clinical diagnosis, serology |
| Differential diagnosis | Scleroderma, Morphea, Lichen sclerosus |
| Prevention | Tick bite prevention, early treatment of Lyme disease |
| Treatment | Antibiotics such as doxycycline or amoxicillin |
| Medication | Doxycycline, Amoxicillin |
| Prognosis | Variable, can lead to permanent skin changes |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans is a skin condition, and as the name suggests, it leads to chronic atrophy of the skin and polyneuropathy.
Bacterial infection[edit]
This progressive skin condition caused by spirochete Borrelia afzelii, and to some lesser degree, B. afzelii, and Borrelia garinii.
Clinical presentation[edit]
The skin rash is seen most commonly on extremities.
Stages[edit]
- It begins with an inflammatory stage and later with an atrophic phase.
- Sclerotic skin plaques may also develop.
- ACA progresses the skin begins to wrinkle.
Testing[edit]
1)Screening test- IgM and IgG ELISA 2) If 1 is positive or there is high clinical suspicion in spite of Elisa being negative than confirmatory test - Western Blot.
Other methods[edit]
Microscopy and culture (in modified Kelly's medium) of skin biopsy or blood samples.
Treatment[edit]
Doxycycline[edit]
Treatment consists of antibiotics including doxycycline and penicillin for up to four weeks in the acute case and sometimes longer.
See also[edit]
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