Chlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide (pronounced klor-oh-THYE-a-zide) is a diuretic medication primarily used to treat hypertension and edema. It belongs to the thiazide class of diuretics and works by inhibiting the sodium-chloride symporter in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron, promoting the excretion of sodium and water in urine.
Etymology
The term "Chlorothiazide" is derived from its chemical structure. It contains a chlorine atom (chloro-) and is a member of the thiazide class of diuretics. The "-azide" suffix is common in many diuretic drugs.
Usage
Chlorothiazide is used to treat conditions such as hypertension (high blood pressure) and edema (fluid retention). It is often used in conjunction with other medications for the treatment of these conditions.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Chlorothiazide include dizziness, headache, and upset stomach. Serious side effects may include electrolyte imbalance, gout, and hypersensitivity reactions.
Related Terms
- Diuretic: A class of drugs that increase the excretion of water and salts in the urine.
- Hypertension: A condition characterized by consistently high blood pressure.
- Edema: A condition characterized by an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body.
- Thiazide: A type of molecule frequently used in diuretics and antihypertensive medications.
- Nephron: The functional unit of the kidney, consisting of a glomerulus and its associated tubule, through which the glomerular filtrate passes before it is excreted as urine.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Chlorothiazide
- Wikipedia's article - Chlorothiazide
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