Etacrynic acid

Etacrynic Acid is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure and the swelling caused by diseases like heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. Unlike other diuretics, it does not inhibit carbonic anhydrase. Etacrynic acid is a phenoxyacetic acid derivative containing a ketone group and a double bond, hence the '-yn-' in its name, which is derived from acrylic acid.

Pharmacology

Etacrynic acid works by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. This increases the excretion of sodium and water, as well as potassium and hydrogen ions. Loop diuretics are useful in the management of oedema associated with conditions such as congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of etacrynic acid include electrolyte imbalance, dehydration, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, ototoxicity, hypotension, dizziness, and headache.

Interactions

Etacrynic acid can interact with other medications, including digoxin, lithium, antihypertensives, NSAIDs, and aminoglycoside antibiotics.

Contraindications

Etacrynic acid is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to the drug, anuria, hepatic coma, or severe electrolyte depletion.

References

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