Calcifying odontogenic cyst

Calcifying odontogenic cyst (COC) is a rare and unique type of odontogenic cyst that is characterized by its histopathological features, which include a cystic lining or solid mass that resembles the odontogenic epithelium. It was first described by Gorlin et al. in 1962, hence it is also known as Gorlin cyst.

Epidemiology

COC accounts for approximately 1% of all odontogenic cysts. It can occur at any age, but it is most commonly diagnosed in the second and third decades of life. There is no significant gender predilection.

Clinical Features

Clinically, COC may present as a painless swelling in the jaw. It can occur in either the maxilla or the mandible, but it is more commonly found in the anterior region of the jaws. Radiographically, it appears as a well-defined radiolucent lesion with varying degrees of calcification.

Histopathology

The histopathological features of COC are distinctive. The cystic lining or solid mass is characterized by an ameloblastoma-like epithelium with stellate reticulum-like areas. Ghost cells, which are enlarged epithelial cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and no nucleus, are a characteristic feature of COC. Calcification is often seen associated with these ghost cells.

Treatment and Prognosis

The treatment of choice for COC is surgical enucleation. The prognosis is generally good, with a low recurrence rate. However, malignant transformation has been reported in some cases.

See Also

• Odontogenic cyst
• Odontogenic tumors
• Ameloblastoma
• Ghost cell

References

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NIH genetic and rare disease info

• NIH info on Calcifying odontogenic cyst

Calcifying odontogenic cyst is a rare disease.

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