Thyroid dysgenesis
Thyroid Dysgenesis
Thyroid dysgenesis (pronounced: thy-roid dis-gen-esis) is a medical condition that is characterized by an abnormal development of the thyroid gland. It is one of the most common causes of congenital hypothyroidism.
Etymology
The term "thyroid dysgenesis" is derived from the Greek words "thyreos" (shield), referring to the shield-like shape of the thyroid gland, and "dysgenesis" (bad generation), referring to the abnormal development of an organ.
Definition
Thyroid dysgenesis refers to a group of congenital disorders that result in an abnormally developed thyroid gland. These disorders can include ectopic thyroid, thyroid hypoplasia (underdeveloped thyroid gland), and thyroid agenesis (absence of the thyroid gland).
Symptoms
The symptoms of thyroid dysgenesis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms can include fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, constipation, and slow growth in children. In severe cases, it can lead to cretinism, a condition characterized by stunted physical and mental growth.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of thyroid dysgenesis is typically made through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as ultrasound or scintigraphy. In some cases, genetic testing may be used to identify mutations associated with the condition.
Treatment
Treatment for thyroid dysgenesis typically involves lifelong hormone replacement therapy with levothyroxine. This medication helps to replace the thyroid hormone that the body is unable to produce.
Related Terms
- Ectopic thyroid
- Thyroid hypoplasia
- Thyroid agenesis
- Congenital hypothyroidism
- Cretinism
- Levothyroxine
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Thyroid dysgenesis
- Wikipedia's article - Thyroid dysgenesis
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