Tooth wear

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC

Tooth wear
Synonyms	Dental attrition, dental erosion, dental abrasion
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Tooth sensitivity, tooth pain, changes in tooth appearance
Complications	Tooth decay, tooth fracture, tooth loss
Onset	Gradual
Duration	Long-term
Types	N/A
Causes	Bruxism, acid reflux, dietary acids, improper brushing technique
Risks	Acidic diet, gastroesophageal reflux disease, eating disorders
Diagnosis	Clinical examination, dental X-rays
Differential diagnosis	N/A
Prevention	Use of mouthguard, dietary changes, proper oral hygiene
Treatment	Dental restoration, fluoride treatment, dental bonding
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

Overview of tooth wear and its implications

Tooth wear refers to the progressive loss of dental hard tissues due to factors other than dental caries. It is a common condition that can affect individuals of all ages and can lead to significant dental health issues if not managed appropriately.

Types of Tooth Wear

Tooth wear can be classified into three main types:

Attrition

Attrition is the loss of tooth structure due to tooth-to-tooth contact. It is commonly seen in individuals with bruxism, a condition characterized by grinding or clenching of the teeth, often during sleep.

Abrasion

Abrasion occurs when there is mechanical wear of the teeth due to external factors. Common causes include aggressive tooth brushing, use of abrasive toothpaste, and habits such as biting on hard objects.

Erosion

Erosion is the chemical dissolution of tooth structure by acids not derived from bacteria. It can be caused by dietary acids, such as those found in citrus fruits and soft drinks, or by gastric acids in conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and bulimia nervosa.

Causes of Tooth Wear

Tooth wear can result from a combination of factors, including:

• Dietary habits: Frequent consumption of acidic foods and beverages can lead to erosion.
• Oral hygiene practices: Improper brushing techniques can cause abrasion.
• Medical conditions: Conditions such as GERD and bulimia can contribute to erosion.
• Parafunctional habits: Bruxism and other habits can lead to attrition.

Clinical Implications

Tooth wear can lead to several clinical issues, including:

• Sensitivity: Exposed dentin can cause increased sensitivity to temperature and touch.
• Aesthetic concerns: Loss of enamel can affect the appearance of teeth.
• Functional problems: Severe wear can alter the bite and lead to temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ).

Management and Prevention

Management of tooth wear involves identifying and addressing the underlying causes. Preventive measures include:

• Dietary modifications: Reducing intake of acidic foods and drinks.
• Improved oral hygiene: Using a soft-bristled toothbrush and non-abrasive toothpaste.
• Use of dental appliances: Night guards can help manage bruxism.
• Regular dental check-ups: Early detection and intervention can prevent progression.

See also

• Dental caries
• Bruxism
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• Bulimia nervosa