Chikungunya: Difference between revisions

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[[File:ChickV Map.jpg|thumb|Chikungunya map]]
{{SI}}
{{Infobox medical condition
| name            = Chikungunya
| image          = [[File:2012-01-09_Chikungunya_on_the_right_feet_at_The_Philippines.jpeg|250px]]
| caption        = Chikungunya rash on the feet
| field          = [[Infectious disease]]
| symptoms        = [[Fever]], [[joint pain]], [[headache]], [[muscle pain]], [[rash]]
| complications  = [[Chronic joint pain]]
| onset          = 4–8 days after exposure
| duration        = Days to weeks
| causes          = [[Chikungunya virus]] spread by [[Aedes]] mosquitoes
| risks          = Living in or traveling to areas where the virus is present
| diagnosis      = [[Serology]], [[PCR]]
| prevention      = [[Mosquito control]], [[insect repellent]], [[protective clothing]]
| treatment      = [[Supportive care]], [[pain relief]]
| prognosis      = Generally good, but joint pain may persist
| frequency      = Occurs in outbreaks
| deaths          = Rare
}}
[[File:ChickV Map.jpg|left|thumb|Chikungunya map|left]]
[[File:Emd-5577.jpg|Chikungunya|thumb|left]]
An infection that is caused by the chikungunya virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes; it is characterized by [[fever]] and severe [[arthralgia]].
An infection that is caused by the chikungunya virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes; it is characterized by [[fever]] and severe [[arthralgia]].
==Clinical features== <!--T:2-->
==Clinical features== <!--T:2-->
The most common symptoms of infection are fever and joint pain. Other symptoms may include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, or rash. Outbreaks have occurred in countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Indian and Pacific Oceans. In late 2013, chikungunya virus was found for the first time in the Americas on islands in the Caribbean. There is a risk that the virus will be imported to new areas by infected travelers.  
The most common symptoms of infection are fever and joint pain. Other symptoms may include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, or rash. Outbreaks have occurred in countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Indian and Pacific Oceans. In late 2013, chikungunya virus was found for the first time in the Americas on islands in the Caribbean. There is a risk that the virus will be imported to new areas by infected travelers.  
== Symptoms == <!--T:3-->
== Symptoms == <!--T:3-->
<!--T:4-->
<!--T:4-->
* Most people infected with chikungunya virus will develop some symptoms.
* Most people infected with chikungunya virus will develop some symptoms.
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* Chikungunya disease does not often result in death, but the symptoms can be severe and disabling.
* Chikungunya disease does not often result in death, but the symptoms can be severe and disabling.
* Most patients feel better within a week. In some people, the joint pain may persist for months.
* Most patients feel better within a week. In some people, the joint pain may persist for months.
* People at risk for more severe disease include newborns infected around the time of birth, older adults (≥65 years), and people with medical conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, or heart disease.
* People at risk for more severe disease include newborns infected around the time of birth, older adults (‚â•65 years), and people with medical conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, or heart disease.
* Once a person has been infected, he or she is likely to be protected from future infections.
* Once a person has been infected, he or she is likely to be protected from future infections.
== Diagnosis == <!--T:5-->
== Diagnosis == <!--T:5-->
<!--T:6-->
<!--T:6-->
* The symptoms of chikungunya are similar to those of dengue and Zika, diseases spread by the same mosquitoes that transmit chikungunya.
* The symptoms of chikungunya are similar to those of dengue and Zika, diseases spread by the same mosquitoes that transmit chikungunya.
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* If you have recently traveled, tell your healthcare provider when and where you traveled.
* If you have recently traveled, tell your healthcare provider when and where you traveled.
* Your healthcare provider may order blood tests to look for chikungunya or other similar viruses like dengue and Zika.
* Your healthcare provider may order blood tests to look for chikungunya or other similar viruses like dengue and Zika.
== Treatment == <!--T:7-->
== Treatment == <!--T:7-->
<!--T:8-->
<!--T:8-->
* There is no vaccine to prevent or medicine to treat chikungunya virus.
* There is no vaccine to prevent or medicine to treat chikungunya virus.
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** Get plenty of rest.
** Get plenty of rest.
** Drink fluids to prevent dehydration.
** Drink fluids to prevent dehydration.
** Take medicine such as acetaminophen (Tylenol®) or paracetamol to reduce fever and pain.
** Take medicine such as acetaminophen (Tylenol®) or paracetamol to reduce fever and pain.
** Do not take aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS until dengue can be ruled out to reduce the risk of bleeding).
** Do not take aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS until dengue can be ruled out to reduce the risk of bleeding).
** If you are taking medicine for another medical condition, talk to your healthcare provider before taking additional medication.
** If you are taking medicine for another medical condition, talk to your healthcare provider before taking additional medication.
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** During the first week of infection, chikungunya virus can be found in the blood and passed from an infected person to a mosquito through mosquito bites.
** During the first week of infection, chikungunya virus can be found in the blood and passed from an infected person to a mosquito through mosquito bites.
** An infected mosquito can then spread the virus to other people.
** An infected mosquito can then spread the virus to other people.
== Prevention == <!--T:9-->
== Prevention == <!--T:9-->
=====There is no vaccine to prevent or medicine to treat chikungunya virus infection. Travelers can protect themselves by preventing mosquito bites. When traveling to countries with chikungunya virus, use insect repellent, wear long sleeves and pants, and stay in places with air conditioning or that use window and door screens.===== <!--T:10-->
=====There is no vaccine to prevent or medicine to treat chikungunya virus infection. Travelers can protect themselves by preventing mosquito bites. When traveling to countries with chikungunya virus, use insect repellent, wear long sleeves and pants, and stay in places with air conditioning or that use window and door screens.===== <!--T:10-->
{{stub}}
{{stub}}
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[[Category:Health disasters in India]]
[[Category:Health disasters in India]]
[[Category:Tropical diseases]]
[[Category:Tropical diseases]]
<gallery>
File:2012-01-09 Chikungunya on the right feet at The Philippines.jpeg|Chikungunya
File:Emd-5577.jpg|Chikungunya
</gallery>

Latest revision as of 20:59, 4 April 2025

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics

Chikungunya
File:2012-01-09 Chikungunya on the right feet at The Philippines.jpeg
Synonyms N/A
Pronounce N/A
Specialty N/A
Symptoms Fever, joint pain, headache, muscle pain, rash
Complications Chronic joint pain
Onset 4–8 days after exposure
Duration Days to weeks
Types N/A
Causes Chikungunya virus spread by Aedes mosquitoes
Risks Living in or traveling to areas where the virus is present
Diagnosis Serology, PCR
Differential diagnosis N/A
Prevention Mosquito control, insect repellent, protective clothing
Treatment Supportive care, pain relief
Medication N/A
Prognosis Generally good, but joint pain may persist
Frequency Occurs in outbreaks
Deaths Rare


File:ChickV Map.jpg
Chikungunya map
File:Emd-5577.jpg
Chikungunya

An infection that is caused by the chikungunya virus, which is transmitted by mosquitoes; it is characterized by fever and severe arthralgia.

Clinical features[edit]

The most common symptoms of infection are fever and joint pain. Other symptoms may include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, or rash. Outbreaks have occurred in countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Indian and Pacific Oceans. In late 2013, chikungunya virus was found for the first time in the Americas on islands in the Caribbean. There is a risk that the virus will be imported to new areas by infected travelers.

Symptoms[edit]

  • Most people infected with chikungunya virus will develop some symptoms.
  • Symptoms usually begin 3–7 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito.
  • The most common symptoms are fever and joint pain.
  • Other symptoms may include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, or rash.
  • Chikungunya disease does not often result in death, but the symptoms can be severe and disabling.
  • Most patients feel better within a week. In some people, the joint pain may persist for months.
  • People at risk for more severe disease include newborns infected around the time of birth, older adults (‚â•65 years), and people with medical conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, or heart disease.
  • Once a person has been infected, he or she is likely to be protected from future infections.

Diagnosis[edit]

  • The symptoms of chikungunya are similar to those of dengue and Zika, diseases spread by the same mosquitoes that transmit chikungunya.
  • See your healthcare provider if you develop the symptoms described above and have visited an area where chikungunya is found.
  • If you have recently traveled, tell your healthcare provider when and where you traveled.
  • Your healthcare provider may order blood tests to look for chikungunya or other similar viruses like dengue and Zika.

Treatment[edit]

  • There is no vaccine to prevent or medicine to treat chikungunya virus.
  • Treat the symptoms:
    • Get plenty of rest.
    • Drink fluids to prevent dehydration.
    • Take medicine such as acetaminophen (Tylenol¬Æ) or paracetamol to reduce fever and pain.
    • Do not take aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS until dengue can be ruled out to reduce the risk of bleeding).
    • If you are taking medicine for another medical condition, talk to your healthcare provider before taking additional medication.
  • If you have chikungunya, prevent mosquito bites for the first week of your illness.
    • During the first week of infection, chikungunya virus can be found in the blood and passed from an infected person to a mosquito through mosquito bites.
    • An infected mosquito can then spread the virus to other people.

Prevention[edit]

There is no vaccine to prevent or medicine to treat chikungunya virus infection. Travelers can protect themselves by preventing mosquito bites. When traveling to countries with chikungunya virus, use insect repellent, wear long sleeves and pants, and stay in places with air conditioning or that use window and door screens.[edit]
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