Reoviridae
Reoviridae
Reoviridae (pronounced: ree-oh-vi-ruh-dee) is a family of viruses that infect a wide range of hosts, including plants, animals, and humans. The name "Reoviridae" is derived from the words "respiratory enteric orphan viruses", indicating its discovery in the respiratory and digestive systems, and its initial status as an "orphan virus" with no associated disease.
Structure
Viruses in the Reoviridae family are non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries, and T=13, T=2 symmetry. The diameter is around 60-80 nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, around 18-34kb in length.
Life Cycle
Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment of the viral proteins to host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the double-stranded RNA virus replication model. Double-stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by monopartite non-tubule guided viral movement. Humans, mammals, birds, plants, fungi, and insects serve as the natural host.
Genera
The following genera are recognized:
- Orthoreovirus
- Orbivirus
- Rotavirus
- Phytoreovirus
- Aquareovirus
- Cypovirus
- Idnoreovirus
- Mycoreovirus
- Oryzavirus
- Seadornavirus
Diseases
Reoviridae can cause a variety of diseases in humans and animals, including gastroenteritis and respiratory infections. The most well-known member of this family is the Rotavirus, which is a leading cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Reoviridae
- Wikipedia's article - Reoviridae
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