Dermatophytosis

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Dermatophytosis

Dermatophytosis (pronunciation: /ˌdɜːrmətəˈfaɪtəsɪs/), also known as Ringworm, is a clinical condition caused by fungal infection of the skin in humans, pets such as cats, and domesticated animals such as sheep and cows. The term "dermatophytosis" is derived from the Greek words "derma" meaning skin and "phyton" meaning plant.

Etiology

Dermatophytosis is caused by a group of fungi known as Dermatophytes. These fungi are capable of invading the keratinized tissue (skin, hair, and nails) of humans and animals. The most common genera of dermatophytes that cause infections include Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton.

Clinical Presentation

The clinical presentation of dermatophytosis can vary depending on the site of infection. It typically presents as a red, itchy, scaly, and circular rash on the skin. When the scalp or hair is affected, it can lead to hair loss. Infections of the nails can cause discoloration, thickening, and often crumbling of the nail.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of dermatophytosis is often made clinically but can be confirmed by microscopy and culture of skin scrapings. The KOH test is a common method used to visualize the fungus under a microscope.

Treatment

Treatment of dermatophytosis typically involves the use of antifungal medications. These can be applied topically for mild infections or taken orally for more severe or widespread infections. Commonly used antifungal medications include Terbinafine, Clotrimazole, and Ketoconazole.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for dermatophytosis include maintaining good personal hygiene, avoiding sharing personal items such as towels and hairbrushes, and keeping the skin dry and clean.

See Also

External links

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