Chandipura vesiculovirus

Chandipura vesiculovirus is a virus of the family Rhabdoviridae and genus Vesiculovirus. It was first identified in 1965 in the village of Chandipura, Maharashtra, India during an investigation into an epidemic of febrile illness. The virus is primarily transmitted by sandflies and is capable of causing acute encephalitis in children.

Epidemiology

Chandipura vesiculovirus is found in India, Sri Lanka, and Senegal. The virus is primarily transmitted by the sandfly (Phlebotomus species), but can also be transmitted by mosquitoes. The virus has been associated with outbreaks of acute encephalitis in children in India.

Clinical Features

The incubation period for Chandipura vesiculovirus is typically 2-4 days. Symptoms include sudden onset of fever, headache, and altered mental status. Severe cases can progress to coma and death within 48 hours.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Chandipura vesiculovirus infection is based on clinical symptoms and confirmed by laboratory testing. Laboratory tests include PCR and serology.

Treatment

There is no specific antiviral treatment for Chandipura vesiculovirus infection. Treatment is supportive and includes management of symptoms and complications.

Prevention

Prevention of Chandipura vesiculovirus infection involves control of sandfly populations and use of personal protective measures to prevent sandfly bites.

See Also

• Rhabdoviridae
• Vesiculovirus
• Encephalitis
• Phlebotomus