Brucellosis
Brucellosis
Brucellosis (pronounced: broo-suh-LOH-sis), also known as Malta fever or Mediterranean fever, is a highly contagious zoonosis caused by ingestion of unpasteurized milk or undercooked meat from infected animals, or close contact with their secretions.
Etymology
The term "Brucellosis" is derived from the British army physician David Bruce, who first discovered and described the bacteria causing the disease.
Symptoms
Brucellosis can cause a range of symptoms that are similar to the flu and may include fever, sweats, headaches, back pains, and physical weakness. Severe infections of the central nervous systems or lining of the heart may occur.
Causes
Brucellosis is caused by different species of Brucella bacteria, which are transmitted from animals to humans in several ways. The most common method of transmission is by eating or drinking unpasteurized dairy products. Other ways include inhalation of the bacteria or entry through skin wounds.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of brucellosis is made by detecting the bacteria in samples of blood or bone marrow. Also, a blood test may be used to detect antibodies against the bacteria.
Treatment
Treatment for brucellosis involves taking antibiotics for at least six weeks, and in some cases, for several months to prevent re-infection.
Prevention
Prevention of brucellosis involves consuming only pasteurized milk and milk products, cooking meat thoroughly, and using protective equipment when handling animals or working in a laboratory.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Brucellosis
- Wikipedia's article - Brucellosis
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