Rickettsiales
Rickettsiales
Rickettsiales (pronounced: rik-et-say-leez) is an order of Gram-negative bacteria. This order includes notable families such as Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae, which are known for their role in various human diseases.
Etymology
The term "Rickettsiales" is derived from the name of Howard Taylor Ricketts, an American pathologist who first discovered these bacteria. The suffix "-ales" is a standard ending in bacterial nomenclature indicating an order.
Description
Rickettsiales are small, rod-shaped or coccoid bacteria that are obligate intracellular parasites. They are typically transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected arthropod, such as a tick, flea, or louse. Once inside the host, they invade the endothelial cells lining the blood vessels, leading to vascular inflammation and damage.
Families
The order Rickettsiales includes several families, each containing different genera and species of bacteria. The most well-known families are:
- Rickettsiaceae: This family includes the genera Rickettsia and Orientia, which cause diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus, and scrub typhus.
- Anaplasmataceae: This family includes the genera Anaplasma and Ehrlichia, which cause diseases such as human granulocytic anaplasmosis and human monocytic ehrlichiosis.
Related Terms
- Endothelial cells: These are cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.
- Arthropod: An invertebrate animal having an exoskeleton, a segmented body, and paired jointed appendages.
- Intracellular parasites: These are parasites that live inside the body cells of the host.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Rickettsiales
- Wikipedia's article - Rickettsiales
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