Plesiomonas shigelloides

Plesiomonas shigelloides is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, flagellated, facultative anaerobic bacterium that is commonly found in aquatic environments. It is a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, and is the only species in the genus Plesiomonas.

Characteristics

Plesiomonas shigelloides is oxidase-positive, indole-positive, and can ferment glucose. It is also capable of reducing nitrate to nitrite. The bacterium is resistant to the antibiotic colistin, but is usually sensitive to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, and ampicillin.

Pathogenicity

Plesiomonas shigelloides is a rare cause of gastroenteritis, especially in children and immunocompromised individuals. It can also cause extraintestinal infections, such as septicemia, meningitis, and wound infections. The bacterium is usually acquired through the consumption of contaminated water or food, especially raw or undercooked seafood.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis of Plesiomonas shigelloides infection is usually made by isolating the bacterium from a stool sample. Treatment typically involves rehydration and electrolyte replacement. Antibiotics may be used in severe cases or in immunocompromised patients.

Epidemiology

Plesiomonas shigelloides is found worldwide, but is more common in tropical and subtropical regions. Outbreaks have been associated with the consumption of contaminated water or food, especially raw or undercooked seafood.

See Also

• Enterobacteriaceae
• Gastroenteritis
• Septicemia