Chromobacterium violaceum
Chromobacterium violaceum
Chromobacterium violaceum (pronunciation: kroh-moh-bak-TEER-ee-uhm vye-oh-LAY-see-uhm) is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, non-sporing coccobacillus. It is a mobile bacterium with a flagellum, known for producing a natural antibiotic called violacein, which is a purple pigment.
Etymology
The name Chromobacterium violaceum is derived from the Greek word "chroma" meaning color, and the Latin word "violaceum" meaning violet. This refers to the violet pigment, violacein, that the bacterium produces.
Characteristics
Chromobacterium violaceum is found in soil and water in tropical and subtropical regions. It is a free-living bacterium, but can also act as an opportunistic pathogen in humans. It can cause a severe and often fatal systemic infection known as Chromobacterium violaceum infection.
Related Terms
- Violacein: A purple pigment produced by Chromobacterium violaceum that has antibiotic properties.
- Chromobacterium violaceum infection: A severe systemic infection caused by Chromobacterium violaceum.
- Gram-negative bacteria: A group of bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiation.
- Facultative anaerobic organism: An organism that makes ATP by aerobic respiration if oxygen is present, but is capable of switching to fermentation or anaerobic respiration if oxygen is absent.
- Coccobacillus: A type of bacterium with a shape intermediate between cocci (spherical bacteria) and bacilli (rod-shaped bacteria).
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Chromobacterium violaceum
- Wikipedia's article - Chromobacterium violaceum
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