Anxiolytic
Anxiolytic
Anxiolytic (/æŋkˌsaɪəˈlɪtɪk/; from Greek ἄγχος (ánkhos), 'distress' + λύσις (lúsis), 'loosening') is a type of medication that inhibits anxiety. Anxiolytics are used to treat several types of anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder.
Etymology
The term "anxiolytic" derives from the Greek words ἄγχος (ánkhos), meaning 'distress' or 'anguish', and λύσις (lúsis), meaning 'loosening' or 'release'. Thus, anxiolytics are agents that alleviate anxiety.
Types of Anxiolytics
There are several types of anxiolytics, including:
- Benzodiazepines: These are the most commonly prescribed anxiolytics. They work by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter GABA in the brain, which has a calming effect.
- Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs): These are often used to treat anxiety disorders. They work by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain.
- Buspirone: This is a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic that works by affecting the serotonin and dopamine systems in the brain.
Side Effects
Like all medications, anxiolytics can have side effects. These may include drowsiness, dizziness, confusion, and dependency. It's important to discuss these potential side effects with a healthcare provider before starting treatment.
Related Terms
- Antidepressant: A type of medication used to treat depression and anxiety disorders.
- Psychotherapy: A type of therapy used to treat mental health disorders, including anxiety disorders.
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): A type of psychotherapy that can be effective in treating anxiety disorders.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Anxiolytic
- Wikipedia's article - Anxiolytic
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