Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor

Dihydrofolate Reductase Inhibitor is a type of drug that inhibits the function of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. This enzyme is crucial for the synthesis of tetrahydrofolate, a molecule that is necessary for the production of DNA and RNA. By inhibiting this enzyme, these drugs can prevent the growth of rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells.

Mechanism of Action

Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors work by binding to the active site of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. This prevents the enzyme from converting dihydrofolate into tetrahydrofolate. Without tetrahydrofolate, cells cannot synthesize DNA or RNA, which are necessary for cell division and growth.

Uses

Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors are used in the treatment of various types of cancer, including leukemia, lymphoma, and osteosarcoma. They are also used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, conditions that involve rapid cell division.

Side Effects

Common side effects of dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and fatigue. More serious side effects can include bone marrow suppression, which can lead to anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia.

Examples

Examples of dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors include methotrexate, trimethoprim, and pyrimethamine.

See Also

• Chemotherapy
• Antimetabolite
• Folic acid

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Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor

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