Nicotinyl alcohol

Nicotinyl Alcohol

Chemical structure of Nicotinyl alcohol

Nicotinyl alcohol, also known as niacinol, is a chemical compound that is derived from niacin, a form of vitamin B3. It is used in medicine primarily for its vasodilatory effects, which means it can help widen blood vessels and improve blood flow.

Chemical Structure

Nicotinyl alcohol is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₆H₇NO. It is structurally related to nicotinic acid, differing by the presence of a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the pyridine ring. This modification imparts unique pharmacological properties to the compound.

Pharmacology

Nicotinyl alcohol acts as a vasodilator, which means it helps to relax and widen blood vessels. This action can lead to a decrease in blood pressure and an increase in blood flow to various tissues. It is often used in the treatment of conditions where improved circulation is beneficial, such as peripheral vascular disease.

Mechanism of Action

The vasodilatory effect of nicotinyl alcohol is primarily due to its ability to release prostaglandins, which are compounds that play a key role in the regulation of blood vessel tone. By increasing the levels of prostaglandins, nicotinyl alcohol helps to relax the smooth muscles in the walls of blood vessels.

Medical Uses

Nicotinyl alcohol is used in the management of several medical conditions, including:

• Peripheral vascular disease: It helps improve blood flow to the extremities, reducing symptoms such as pain and cramping.
• Raynaud's phenomenon: By improving circulation, it can help alleviate the symptoms associated with this condition.

Side Effects

Like many vasodilators, nicotinyl alcohol can cause side effects, including:

• Flushing: A common side effect due to increased blood flow to the skin.
• Headache: Resulting from changes in blood flow to the brain.
• Dizziness: Due to lowered blood pressure.

Related Compounds

Nicotinyl alcohol is related to other compounds derived from niacin, such as nicotinamide and nicotinic acid. These compounds share similar vitamin activity but differ in their pharmacological effects.

Related Pages

• Niacin
• Vasodilator
• Peripheral vascular disease
• Raynaud's phenomenon