Negative symptoms
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms (pronunciation: /ˈnɛɡətɪv ˈsɪmptəmz/) are certain features that are often associated with schizophrenia and other related psychiatric disorders. They are called 'negative' because they represent a loss or decrease in normal functions.
Etymology
The term 'negative symptoms' is derived from the Latin word 'negativus', meaning 'denying', and the Greek word 'symptoma', meaning 'occurrence'.
Definition
Negative symptoms are those symptoms that are characterized by the absence of normal behaviors or emotions in individuals. These symptoms are often less dramatic than positive symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, but they can be more debilitating.
Types of Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms can be broadly categorized into two types:
1. Affective flattening or blunted affect: This refers to a reduction in the range and intensity of emotional expression, including facial expression, voice tone, eye contact, and body language.
2. Avolition: This is characterized by a decrease in the motivation to initiate and perform self-directed purposeful activities.
Other types of negative symptoms include alogia, anhedonia, and asociality.
Related Terms
- Positive symptoms: These are symptoms that represent an excess or distortion of normal functions, such as hallucinations and delusions.
- Cognitive symptoms: These are symptoms that affect the cognitive functions of the brain, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving skills.
- Psychosis: This is a severe mental disorder in which thought and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Negative symptoms
- Wikipedia's article - Negative symptoms
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