Todd's paresis

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Todd's paresis
Synonyms	Todd's paralysis, postictal paresis
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Temporary weakness or paralysis in a part of the body
Complications	N/A
Onset	After a seizure
Duration	Typically minutes to hours, rarely up to 48 hours
Types	N/A
Causes	Epileptic seizure
Risks	History of epilepsy
Diagnosis	Clinical evaluation, EEG
Differential diagnosis	Stroke, transient ischemic attack
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Supportive care, anticonvulsant medication
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good, resolves on its own
Frequency	Occurs in a minority of people with epilepsy
Deaths	N/A

A neurological condition characterized by temporary paralysis

Todd's paresis, also known as Todd's paralysis, is a neurological condition characterized by a temporary period of paralysis following a seizure. This condition is named after the 19th-century Irish physician Robert Bentley Todd, who first described the phenomenon.

Clinical presentation

Todd's paresis typically occurs after a focal seizure, particularly those involving the motor cortex. The paralysis is usually localized to one side of the body, corresponding to the side of the brain where the seizure activity occurred. The affected individual may experience weakness or complete paralysis in the arm, leg, or face. The duration of Todd's paresis can vary, but it generally lasts from a few minutes to 36 hours, with most cases resolving within 24 hours. The condition is self-limiting and does not require specific treatment, although it can be distressing for patients and caregivers.

Pathophysiology

The exact mechanism underlying Todd's paresis is not fully understood. It is believed to result from temporary neuronal exhaustion or inhibition following the intense electrical activity of a seizure. This postictal state leads to a transient disruption in the normal functioning of the affected neurons, resulting in temporary paralysis.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Todd's paresis is primarily clinical, based on the history of a recent seizure and the presence of postictal paralysis. It is important to differentiate Todd's paresis from other causes of sudden paralysis, such as a stroke. Neuroimaging techniques, such as MRI or CT scan, may be used to rule out other conditions.

Management

Management of Todd's paresis involves supportive care and reassurance. Since the condition is self-limiting, no specific treatment is required. However, addressing the underlying cause of the seizures, such as epilepsy, is crucial to prevent future episodes. Patients may benefit from antiepileptic drugs to control seizure activity.

See Also

• Epilepsy
• Seizure
• Paralysis
• Motor cortex