Hematocolpos

Hematocolpos
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Symptoms
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Hematocolpos is a medical condition in which the vagina fills with menstrual blood. It is often caused by the combination of menstruation with an imperforate hymen.<ref>Kloss, Brian T.,

 Hematocolpos secondary to imperforate hymen, 
 International Journal of Emergency Medicine, 
 
 Vol. 3(Issue: 4),
 pp. 481–482,
 DOI: 10.1007/s12245-010-0171-2,
 PMID: 21373333,
 PMC: 3047835,</ref><ref>TOMPKINS, PENDLETON, 
 The Treatment of Imperforate Hymen with Hematocolpos, 
 Journal of the American Medical Association, 
 
 Vol. 113(Issue: 10),
 pp. 913–916,
 DOI: 10.1001/jama.1939.02800350023007,</ref> It is sometimes seen in Robinow syndrome, uterus didelphys, or other vaginal anomalies.

A related disorder is hematometra, where the uterus fills with menstrual blood.<ref>Roger Perry,

 Netter's Obstetrics and Gynecology. online version, 
  
 Elsevier Health Sciences, 
  
  
  
 ISBN 978-1416056829,</ref> It presents after puberty as primary amenorrhoea, recurrent pelvic pain with a pelvic mass. This can be caused by a congenital stenosis of the cervix, or by a complication of a surgical treatment.<ref>Verma, SK, 
 Hematocolpos secondary to acquired vaginal scarring after radiation therapy for colorectal carcinoma., 
 Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 
 
 Vol. 28(Issue: 7),
 pp. 949–53,
 DOI: 10.7863/jum.2009.28.7.949,
 PMID: 19546336,
 
 
 Full text,</ref>  Mucometrocolpos is the accumulation of mucous secretions behind an imperforate hymen.<ref>Yapar, E. G., 
 Diagnostic problems in a case with mucometrocolpos, polydactyly, congenital heart disease, and skeletal dysplasia, 
 American Journal of Medical Genetics, 
 
 Vol. 66(Issue: 3),
 pp. 343–346,
 DOI: <343::AID-AJMG19>3.0.CO;2-M 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19961218)66:3<343::AID-AJMG19>3.0.CO;2-M,
 PMID: 8985498,</ref><ref>Diane S., 
  
 Neonatal and pediatric ultrasonography. online version, 
  
 Churchill Livingstone, 
  
  
  
 ISBN 9780443086069,</ref> Mucometrocolpos can sometimes cause abdominal distention.<ref>Theodore J., 
  
 Common Surgical Diseases: An Algorithmic Approach to Problem Solving. online version, 
  
 Springer, 
  
  
  
 ISBN 9781493915651,</ref><ref>Georges L., 
  
 Symptoms and Signs in Pediatric Surgery. online version, 
  
 Springer Science & Business Media, 
  
  
  
 ISBN 9783642311611,</ref><ref>Roger E., 
  
 Human Malformations and Related Anomalies. online version, 
  
 Oxford University Press, 
  
  
  
 ISBN 9780199386031,</ref><ref name=kace>Dosedla, Erik, 
 Prenatal diagnosis of hydrometrocolpos in a down syndrome fetus, 
 Journal of Clinical Ultrasound, 
 
 Vol. 39(Issue: 3),
 pp. 169–171,
 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.20785,
 PMID: 21387330,
 
 
 Full text,</ref>

Symptoms

• On and off lower abdominal pain lasting more than a week <ref name=":0">Kotter, Haleigh,

 Hematometrocolpos in a Pubescent Girl with Abdominal Pain, 
 Clinical Practice and Cases in Emergency Medicine, 
 
 Vol. 1(Issue: 3),
 pp. 218–220,
 DOI: 10.5811/cpcem.2017.3.33369,
 PMID: 29849312,
 PMC: 5965174,
 
 Full text,</ref>

• Pain with cramping, with episodes of worse pain in between<ref name=":0" />
• Vomiting without blood or bile <ref name=":0" />
• Abdominal bloating and distention <ref name=":0" />
• Constipation and changes in urine output <ref name=":0" />
• Tender breasts <ref name=":0" />
• Vaginal bleeding or discharge <ref name=":0" />

Causes

There can be four possible causes of hematocolpos<ref>

Most common cause of hematocolpos (LQ)A cervical atresiaB vaginal atresiaC transverse vaginal septumD imperforate hymen - Flash cards Miscellaneous - Dr. Bhatia Medical Coaching Institute Pvt. Ltd. - Dr Bhatia Medical Coaching Institute(link). GradeStack Courses.

Accessed 2018-10-27.

</ref>

• Imperforate hymen
• Cervical atresia
• Vaginal atresia
• Transverse vaginal septum

Treatment

It is generally treated surgically, with a hymenotomy or other surgery to remove any tissue that blocks the menstrual flow.

External links

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