Pyometra
Pyometra
Pyometra (pronunciation: /paɪoʊˈmiːtrə/) is a medical condition that affects the uterus of a female animal, most commonly seen in dogs and cats, but can also occur in other mammals. The term is derived from the Greek words "pyo" meaning pus and "metra" meaning uterus.
Definition
Pyometra is a severe, life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. It is characterized by the accumulation of pus in the uterus due to a secondary bacterial infection. This condition typically occurs in older, unspayed females, following a heat cycle in which fertilization did not occur.
Symptoms
Symptoms of pyometra can vary depending on whether the cervix is open or closed. In an open pyometra, pus will drain from the animal's vagina, which may be noticed by the owner. In a closed pyometra, the pus cannot drain, leading to a distended abdomen and systemic signs of illness such as lethargy, vomiting, and anorexia.
Causes
The primary cause of pyometra is hormonal changes in the female's reproductive tract. Following estrus ("heat"), the hormone progesterone remains elevated for up to two months to prepare the uterus for pregnancy. If pregnancy does not occur for several estrus cycles, the uterine lining continues to thicken, which can lead to cyst formation. This environment is ripe for bacterial growth, leading to pyometra.
Treatment
Treatment for pyometra usually involves stabilizing the pet, then performing an emergency spay procedure, known as an ovariohysterectomy. This removes the source of the infection. Antibiotics are also typically administered to help fight the infection.
Prevention
The most effective way to prevent pyometra is through early spaying of female pets. This removes the uterus and ovaries, eliminating the possibility of pyometra.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Pyometra
- Wikipedia's article - Pyometra
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