Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
Synonyms	OHSS
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rapid weight gain
Complications	Thromboembolism, kidney failure, ovarian torsion, ascites, pleural effusion
Onset	Within 10 days of ovulation induction
Duration	Days to weeks
Types	N/A
Causes	Fertility medication
Risks	Polycystic ovary syndrome, high dose of gonadotropins, previous OHSS
Diagnosis	Based on symptoms and ultrasound
Differential diagnosis	Ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cyst, appendicitis
Prevention	Using lower doses of fertility drugs, coasting, GnRH antagonist protocol
Treatment	Supportive care, paracentesis, intravenous fluids
Medication	Cabergoline, albumin
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment
Frequency	1-10% of women undergoing in vitro fertilization
Deaths	N/A

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a medical condition that can occur in some women who take fertility medication to stimulate egg growth, and in severe cases, it can be life threatening.

Causes

OHSS is caused by an over-response to fertility drugs, especially those used during in vitro fertilization (IVF). These drugs stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs. When the ovaries are overstimulated, they can swell and leak fluid into the body.

Symptoms

Symptoms of OHSS can range from mild to severe and may include:

• Abdominal pain
• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Bloating or increased waist size
• Rapid weight gain
• Difficulty breathing

Diagnosis

OHSS is diagnosed based on a woman's symptoms and physical findings. A pelvic ultrasound may be used to assess the size of the ovaries and the amount of fluid in the abdomen. Blood tests may also be done to measure the levels of certain hormones.

Treatment

Treatment for OHSS may include:

• Drinking plenty of fluids
• Rest
• Monitoring of symptoms
• In severe cases, hospitalization may be required for monitoring and treatment of complications.

Prevention

Prevention strategies may include using lower doses of fertility drugs and closely monitoring the response of the ovaries during fertility treatment.

See also

• In vitro fertilization
• Fertility drugs
• Pelvic ultrasound

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