Imperforate hymen

Imperforate hymen
Synonyms
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Amenorrhea, abdominal pain, urinary retention
Complications	Endometriosis, infertility
Onset	Birth
Duration
Types
Causes	Congenital
Risks
Diagnosis	Pelvic examination, ultrasound
Differential diagnosis	Transverse vaginal septum, vaginal agenesis
Prevention
Treatment	Surgical intervention
Medication
Prognosis	Good with treatment
Frequency	1 in 1,000 females
Deaths	N/A

Imperforate Hymen is a congenital disorder that affects the female reproductive system. It is characterized by a hymen that completely covers the opening to the vagina, preventing the normal discharge of menstrual blood and other fluids.

Overview

The hymen is a thin membrane that partially covers the opening to the vagina. In most females, the hymen has a small opening that allows for the passage of menstrual blood. However, in cases of imperforate hymen, this opening is absent, leading to a buildup of menstrual blood in the vagina and uterus, a condition known as hematocolpos.

Causes

Imperforate hymen is a congenital condition, meaning it is present at birth. The exact cause is unknown, but it is thought to occur as a result of a malfunction during the embryonic stage of development.

Symptoms

Symptoms of imperforate hymen typically do not appear until puberty, when menstrual periods begin. These may include abdominal pain, lack of menstruation (amenorrhea), and sometimes difficulties with urination or bowel movements.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of imperforate hymen is usually made through a physical examination. In some cases, imaging tests such as an ultrasound may be used to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for imperforate hymen typically involves surgery to create an opening in the hymen (hymenotomy). This allows for the normal discharge of menstrual blood and other fluids.

Prognosis

With proper treatment, the prognosis for individuals with imperforate hymen is generally good. Most are able to lead normal lives and have normal sexual and reproductive function.

See Also

• Hymen
• Vagina
• Amenorrhea
• Hematocolpos
• Hymenotomy