Weill–Marchesani syndrome

Rare generic disorder

Weill–Marchesani syndrome
Synonyms	Spherophakia-brachymorphia syndrome, congenital mesodermal dystrophy, GEMSS syndrome
Pronounce
Field	Ophthalmology, rheumatology, medical genetics
Symptoms
Complications
Onset
Duration
Types
Causes
Risks
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
Prevention
Treatment
Medication
Prognosis
Frequency
Deaths

Weill–Marchesani syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by short stature; an unusually short, broad head (brachycephaly) and other facial abnormalities; hand defects, including unusually short fingers (brachydactyly); and distinctive eye (ocular) abnormalities. It was named after ophthalmologists Georges Weill (1866–1952) and Oswald Marchesani (1900–1952) who first described it in 1932 and 1939, respectively.

The eye manifestations typically include unusually small, round lenses of the eyes (spherophakia), which may be prone to dislocating (ectopia lentis), as well as other ocular defects. Due to such abnormalities, affected individuals may have varying degrees of visual impairment, ranging from nearsightedness myopia to blindness. Researchers suggest that Weill–Marchesani syndrome may have autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant inheritance.<ref>

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Diagnosis

A lens dislocation caused by Weill-Marchesani syndrome

Diagnosis is made when several characteristic clinical signs are observed. There is no single test to confirm the presence of Weill–Marchesani syndrome. Exploring family history or examining other family members may prove helpful in confirming this diagnosis.

Treatment and prognosis

Eye surgery has been documented to help those with ocular diseases, such as some forms of glaucoma.<ref>Harasymowycz, P,

 Surgical treatment of advanced chronic angle closure glaucoma in Weill-Marchesani syndrome, 
 J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus, 
 2005,
 Vol. 41(Issue: 5),
 pp. 295–9,
 
 PMID: 15478742,.</ref>

However, long term medical management of glaucoma has not proven to be successful for patients with Weill–Marchesani syndrome. Physical therapy and orthopedic treatments are generally prescribed for problems stemming from mobility from this connective tissue disorder. However, this disorder has no cure, and generally, treatments are given to improve quality of life.<ref>Charles,

 NORD Guide to Rare Disorders, 
  
 USA:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 
 2002, 
  
  
 ISBN 0-7817-3063-5, 
  
  
  
 Pages: 266–267,</ref> 

See also

• ADAMTS10
• ADAMTS17
• FBN1
• LTBP2

External links

• GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Weill-Marchesani Syndrome

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