Hypotonia
Hypotonia (pronounced: hi-po-toe-nee-uh) is a medical term that refers to decreased muscle tone. It is not a specific medical disorder, but a potential manifestation of many different diseases and disorders that affect motor nerve control by the brain or muscle strength.
Etymology
The term "Hypotonia" is derived from the Greek words "hypo" meaning "under" or "less than normal" and "tonos" meaning "tension" or "tone".
Symptoms
Hypotonia can be identified by problems with movement, posture, and holding up the head. Other symptoms may include difficulties with feeding, speech, mobility, and coordination.
Causes
Hypotonia can be caused by a variety of conditions, including Cerebral Palsy, Down Syndrome, Muscular Dystrophy, and Prader-Willi Syndrome. It can also be a symptom of a problem with the brain, spinal cord, nerves, or muscles.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of hypotonia is based on a physical examination and the individual's medical history. Additional tests such as a CT scan, MRI, or Electromyography may be required to determine the underlying cause.
Treatment
Treatment for hypotonia typically involves physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy. In some cases, medication or surgery may be required.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hypotonia
- Wikipedia's article - Hypotonia
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