Neonatal conjunctivitis
Neonatal Conjunctivitis (pronunciation: nee-oh-nay-tal kon-junk-ti-vai-tis) is a type of eye infection that occurs in newborn babies. It is also known as ophthalmia neonatorum.
Etymology
The term "Neonatal" is derived from the Greek words 'neos' meaning new, and 'natal' meaning birth. "Conjunctivitis" comes from Latin 'conjunctiva' (the outermost layer of the eye) and '-itis' (indicating inflammation).
Definition
Neonatal conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin transparent layer of tissue that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye, in newborns. It is typically caused by a bacterial or viral infection, or a blocked tear duct.
Causes
The most common causes of neonatal conjunctivitis are Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and other bacteria acquired from the birth canal during delivery. It can also be caused by chemical irritation resulting from the use of silver nitrate in the eyes at birth, a practice once common in preventing gonococcal ophthalmia.
Symptoms
Symptoms of neonatal conjunctivitis include redness and swelling of the eyes, excessive tearing, and discharge from the eyes. In severe cases, it can lead to corneal ulceration and blindness.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the cause of the infection. Antibiotics are typically used for bacterial infections, while viral infections often resolve on their own. If a blocked tear duct is the cause, a simple procedure to open the duct may be performed.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Neonatal conjunctivitis
- Wikipedia's article - Neonatal conjunctivitis
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