Neonatal sepsis

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Neonatal Sepsis

Neonatal sepsis (pronounced: nee-oh-NAY-tuhl SEP-sis) is a type of infection that occurs in newborns during the neonatal period. The term "neonatal" comes from the Latin words "neo," meaning new, and "natal," meaning birth. "Sepsis" is derived from the Greek word "sepsis," meaning decay or putrefaction.

Neonatal sepsis can be categorized into two types: early-onset sepsis (EOS) and late-onset sepsis (LOS). EOS typically occurs within the first week of life, while LOS can occur after the first week.

Causes

Neonatal sepsis is usually caused by bacterial infections, although it can also be caused by viruses or fungi. The most common bacteria that cause neonatal sepsis are Group B Streptococcus (GBS), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and Listeria monocytogenes.

Symptoms

Symptoms of neonatal sepsis can vary and may include fever, difficulty breathing, reduced movements, and poor feeding. In severe cases, it can lead to septic shock, organ failure, and death.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of neonatal sepsis often involves a combination of physical examination, blood tests, and cultures. The Complete Blood Count (CBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP) tests are commonly used to detect infection.

Treatment

Treatment for neonatal sepsis typically involves antibiotics to fight the infection. In severe cases, supportive care such as oxygen therapy and intravenous fluids may be required.

Prevention

Prevention strategies for neonatal sepsis include screening pregnant women for GBS, providing appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis, and practicing good hygiene during delivery.

See Also

External links

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