Scalp
Scalp
The Scalp (/skælp/), from the Old Norse skalpr meaning "sheath", is the anatomical area bordered by the face anteriorly and the neck to the sides and posteriorly. It is the part of the head that is usually covered with hair in humans and is a common area of interest in fields such as dermatology and neurosurgery.
Anatomy
The scalp consists of five layers, collectively known as the SCALP acronym:
- Skin: The outermost layer which contains hair follicles and sebaceous glands.
- Connective tissue: This layer contains blood vessels and nerves that supply the skin and hair follicles.
- Aponeurosis: A tough layer of dense fibrous tissue which provides a strong, protective layer for the skull.
- Loose connective tissue: This layer allows the other layers to move over the skull.
- Periosteum: The final layer that provides nourishment and support for the skull bones.
Conditions
Various conditions can affect the scalp, including:
- Dandruff: A common condition that causes the skin on the scalp to flake.
- Scalp psoriasis: A common skin disorder that causes red, itchy patches on the scalp.
- Alopecia: A condition that causes hair to fall out in small patches.
- Seborrheic dermatitis: A common skin condition that mainly affects the scalp, causing scaly patches, red skin and stubborn dandruff.
Treatment
Treatment for scalp conditions depends on the specific condition and its severity. Common treatments include medicated shampoos for conditions like dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis, topical creams for scalp psoriasis, and medications or hair transplant surgery for alopecia.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Scalp
- Wikipedia's article - Scalp
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