Central venous catheter
Central Venous Catheter
A Central Venous Catheter (SEN-truhl VEE-nuhs KATH-i-ter, from Latin centrum meaning "center", vena meaning "vein", and Greek kathetér meaning "something sent down") is a type of medical device that is inserted into a large vein in the neck, chest, or groin to administer medication or fluids, obtain blood tests, and directly obtain cardiovascular measurements.
Usage
Central venous catheters are used in various medical situations. They are often used when patients require long-term intravenous therapy, such as chemotherapy, extended courses of antibiotics, or total parenteral nutrition. They are also used in intensive care units for patients who require monitoring of the central venous pressure.
Types
There are several types of central venous catheters, including:
- Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC): This type of catheter is inserted into a peripheral vein, typically in the arm, and then advanced until the catheter tip is in a large central vein.
- Tunneled Catheter: This type of catheter is inserted into a vein in the neck or chest and then tunneled under the skin. This helps to prevent infection and allows the catheter to stay in place longer.
- Implanted Port: This is a small reservoir that is surgically implanted under the skin and attached to a catheter. Medication can be injected into the reservoir, and it flows through the catheter into a vein.
Complications
Complications of central venous catheterization can include infection, pneumothorax, and catheter occlusion. Infection is the most common complication and can be minimized by strict adherence to sterile technique during catheter insertion and care.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Central venous catheter
- Wikipedia's article - Central venous catheter
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