Smallpox vaccine
Smallpox Vaccine
The Smallpox Vaccine (/ˈsmɔːlpɒks ˈvæksiːn/) is a vaccine that was used to prevent smallpox. The vaccine was first developed by Edward Jenner in 1796, making it the world's first vaccine.
Etymology
The term "vaccine" originates from the Latin word vaccinus, meaning "of or from the cow", as the smallpox vaccine was initially prepared using cowpox virus.
History
The smallpox vaccine was developed following the discovery by Edward Jenner that milkmaids who had contracted cowpox, a disease similar to smallpox, seemed to be immune to smallpox. Jenner's vaccine underwent many modifications and improvements over the next 200 years, with the last known natural case of smallpox occurring in 1977.
Administration
The smallpox vaccine is not given with a hypodermic needle. It is not a shot as most vaccines are. Instead, the vaccine is given using a bifurcated (two-pronged) needle that is dipped into the vaccine solution. When removed, the needle retains a droplet of the vaccine. The needle is used to prick the skin a number of times in a few seconds.
Side Effects
Like all vaccines, the smallpox vaccine can cause side effects. The most common side effect is a sore arm, fever, and body aches. Serious side effects are rare, but can include heart problems and inflammation of the brain.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Smallpox vaccine
- Wikipedia's article - Smallpox vaccine
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