Tuberculosis vaccines
Tuberculosis vaccines
Tuberculosis vaccines are vaccines intended for the prevention of tuberculosis (pronounced tu-ber-kyu-LO-sis), a highly infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The etymology of the term "tuberculosis" comes from the Latin word "tuberculum" which means a small swelling or lump, referring to the tubercles seen in the tissues of those affected by the disease.
Types of Tuberculosis Vaccines
There are two main types of tuberculosis vaccines: the BCG vaccine and the M72/AS01E vaccine.
The BCG vaccine (pronounced B-C-G), also known as Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine, is the most widely used vaccine for tuberculosis worldwide. It is named after its developers, Albert Calmette and Camille Guérin, who developed the vaccine in the 1920s.
The M72/AS01E vaccine is a newer vaccine that has shown promise in clinical trials. It is designed to boost the immune response in people who have already been vaccinated with the BCG vaccine.
Effectiveness
The effectiveness of tuberculosis vaccines varies. The BCG vaccine is effective at preventing severe forms of tuberculosis in children, but its effectiveness in adults is variable. The M72/AS01E vaccine has shown to be 50% effective in preventing active tuberculosis in adults who are already infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Related Terms
- Immunization: The process by which a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine.
- Vaccine: A biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious disease.
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis: The bacterium that causes tuberculosis.
- BCG vaccine: A vaccine primarily used against tuberculosis.
- M72/AS01E vaccine: A newer vaccine for tuberculosis.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Tuberculosis vaccines
- Wikipedia's article - Tuberculosis vaccines
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