Measles vaccine
Measles Vaccine
The Measles Vaccine (/ˈmiːzəlz ˈvæksiːn/), also known as the MMR vaccine, is a vaccine that prevents measles, a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus. The term "measles vaccine" is derived from the Middle English mesel, meaning "leprous" and the Latin vaccinus, meaning "of or from the cow", as the first vaccines were derived from cowpox virus.
History
The measles vaccine was first developed in 1963 by Maurice Hilleman and his team at Merck. It was a significant advancement in the field of vaccinology, as measles was a leading cause of child mortality worldwide.
Usage
The measles vaccine is typically administered in two doses as part of the MMR vaccine, which also protects against mumps and rubella. The first dose is usually given at 12 to 15 months of age, and the second dose at 4 to 6 years of age.
Effectiveness
The measles vaccine is highly effective, with one dose conferring immunity in approximately 93% of recipients, and two doses in approximately 97%. It has led to a significant decrease in measles cases and deaths worldwide.
Side Effects
Common side effects of the measles vaccine include mild fever, rash, and swelling at the injection site. Serious side effects are rare but can include anaphylaxis, encephalitis, and thrombocytopenia.
Controversies
The measles vaccine has been the subject of controversy due to unfounded claims linking it to autism. Numerous studies have refuted this claim, and the World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention strongly recommend vaccination.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Measles vaccine
- Wikipedia's article - Measles vaccine
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