Poly ICLC

Poly ICLC

Poly ICLC is a synthetic double-stranded RNA complex that acts as an immunostimulant. It is composed of polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) stabilized with poly-L-lysine and carboxymethylcellulose. This compound is known for its ability to mimic viral infections, thereby activating the immune system, particularly the innate immune system.

Mechanism of Action

Poly ICLC functions primarily by activating the Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) pathway. TLR3 is a pattern recognition receptor that recognizes double-stranded RNA, a molecular pattern associated with viral infections. Upon binding to TLR3, poly ICLC triggers a signaling cascade that leads to the production of type I interferons and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. This activation enhances the body's antiviral defenses and can also stimulate the adaptive immune response.

Clinical Applications

Poly ICLC has been investigated for its potential use in various clinical settings, including:

• Cancer Immunotherapy: Poly ICLC is being studied as an adjuvant in cancer vaccines to enhance the immune response against tumor antigens.
• Viral Infections: Due to its ability to mimic viral infections, poly ICLC is being explored as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of viral diseases such as hepatitis C and influenza.
• Neurological Disorders: Research is ongoing to evaluate the effects of poly ICLC in conditions like glioblastoma and other brain tumors.

Safety and Side Effects

The administration of poly ICLC can lead to side effects typical of immune activation, such as fever, fatigue, and flu-like symptoms. These effects are generally mild and transient. However, careful monitoring is required, especially in patients with autoimmune disorders, as excessive immune activation can exacerbate these conditions.

Research and Development

Poly ICLC continues to be a subject of research in both preclinical and clinical settings. Studies are focusing on optimizing its delivery, enhancing its efficacy, and expanding its use in combination therapies.

Also see

• Toll-like receptor
• Interferon
• Cancer immunotherapy
• Viral infection