Neuroscience

Neuroscience (pronounced: /ˈnʊəroʊˌsaɪəns/) is a multidisciplinary branch of biology that combines physiology, anatomy, molecular biology, developmental biology, cytology, mathematical modeling, and psychology to understand the fundamental and emergent properties of neurons and neural circuits. The understanding of the biological basis of learning, memory, behavior, perception, and consciousness is a key focus in neuroscience.

Etymology

The term "neuroscience" is derived from the Greek words "neuron" meaning "nerve" and "science" which is derived from the word "scientia" meaning "knowledge".

Related Terms

Neuron: The basic working unit of the brain, a specialized cell designed to transmit information to other nerve cells, muscle, or gland cells.
Neural Circuit: A population of neurons interconnected by synapses to carry out a specific function when activated.
Physiology: The scientific study of the functions and mechanisms which work within a living system.
Anatomy: The branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts.
Molecular Biology: The branch of biology that deals with the structure and function of the macromolecules essential to life.
Developmental Biology: The study of the process by which animals and plants grow and develop.
Cytology: The branch of biology concerned with the structure and function of plant and animal cells.
Psychology: The scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given context.
Consciousness: The state of being awake and aware of one's surroundings.