Fibrosing mediastinitis
Fibrosing Mediastinitis
Fibrosing mediastinitis (pronunciation: fi-bro-sing me-dee-as-ti-ni-tis), also known as mediastinal fibrosis, is a rare condition characterized by the excessive growth of fibrous tissue in the mediastinum, the area between the lungs containing the heart, major blood vessels, and other vital structures.
Etymology
The term "fibrosing mediastinitis" is derived from three words: "fibrosing" comes from "fibrosis", a medical term for the formation of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ or tissue in a reparative or reactive process. "Mediastinum" is a Latin word that refers to the middle of the chest, where the condition primarily occurs. "Itis" is a suffix used in medical terminology to denote inflammation.
Symptoms
Symptoms of fibrosing mediastinitis can vary greatly depending on the structures affected by the fibrous growth. Common symptoms may include cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue. In severe cases, it can lead to serious complications such as superior vena cava syndrome or pulmonary hypertension.
Causes
The exact cause of fibrosing mediastinitis is unknown. However, it is often associated with certain infections, especially Histoplasmosis, an infection caused by a fungus found in bird and bat droppings. Other potential causes include autoimmune diseases, radiation therapy, and certain medications.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of fibrosing mediastinitis is typically made through imaging studies such as Computed Tomography (CT) scan or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Biopsy may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment for fibrosing mediastinitis is often challenging and depends on the severity of the condition and the structures involved. It may include medications to manage symptoms, surgery to remove the fibrous tissue, or procedures to improve blood flow or airway obstruction.
Related Terms
- Fibrosis
- Mediastinum
- Histoplasmosis
- Superior vena cava syndrome
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Computed Tomography (CT) scan
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Fibrosing mediastinitis
- Wikipedia's article - Fibrosing mediastinitis
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