Restrictive lung disease

Restrictive Lung Disease

Restrictive lung disease (pronounced: rih-STRIK-tiv lung dih-ZEEZ) is a category of extrapulmonary, pleural, or pulmonary conditions that restrict lung expansion, resulting in a decreased lung volume, an increased work of breathing, and inadequate ventilation and/or oxygenation.

Etymology

The term "restrictive" is derived from the Latin word "restrictus", meaning "drawn back, tightened". It refers to the limitation in the expansion of the lung. "Lung disease" refers to disorders that affect the lungs, the organs that allow us to breathe.

Types of Restrictive Lung Disease

Restrictive lung diseases may be due to inflammation or scarring of the lung tissue (interstitial lung disease) or by abnormalities of the muscles or the skeleton of the chest wall. Major types include:

• Interstitial lung disease
• Sarcoidosis
• Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
• Autoimmune disease
• Pneumoconiosis

Symptoms

Common symptoms of restrictive lung disease include:

• Shortness of breath
• Cough
• Weight loss
• Fatigue
• Wheezing

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of restrictive lung disease typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and pulmonary function tests. Other diagnostic tests may include chest X-ray, CT scan, and lung biopsy.

Treatment

Treatment for restrictive lung disease typically involves managing symptoms and improving quality of life. This may include:

• Pulmonary rehabilitation
• Oxygen therapy
• Medication
• Lung transplant

See Also

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Asthma
• Pulmonary edema
• Pneumonia

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Restrictive lung disease
• Wikipedia's article - Restrictive lung disease

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