Monoamine oxidase B

Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is an enzyme that is part of the monoamine oxidase family. It is encoded in humans by the MAOB gene and is involved in the breakdown of neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.

Function

MAO-B is found in the mitochondria of most cell types in the body. It is especially abundant in the liver, platelets, and neurons of the central nervous system. The enzyme's primary function is to catalyze the oxidation of monoamines, a type of neurotransmitter. This process is crucial for maintaining proper brain function and regulating mood.

Clinical significance

Abnormal levels of MAO-B have been linked to several neurological disorders. High levels of the enzyme have been found in patients with Parkinson's disease, suggesting that MAO-B may play a role in the disease's progression. In contrast, low levels of MAO-B have been associated with depression and anxiety disorders.

Inhibitors

MAO inhibitors are a class of drugs that block the action of monoamine oxidases. MAO-B inhibitors specifically target MAO-B and are used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease. These drugs work by preventing the breakdown of dopamine, thereby increasing its availability in the brain.

See also

• Monoamine oxidase A
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
• Parkinson's disease
• Depression
• Anxiety

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