Adenosine

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Adenosine

Adenosine (/əˈdɛnəˌsiːn/ or /əˈdɛnəˌziːn/) is a nucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribose sugar molecule (ribofuranose) moiety via a β-N9-glycosidic bond.

Etymology

The term "adenosine" is derived from the Greek adenos, meaning 'gland', and the suffix -ine denoting a chemical substance. It was first isolated from yeast cells by the German chemist, Ludwig Karl Martin Leonhard Albrecht Kossel, in 1891.

Function

Adenosine plays an important role in biochemistry, particularly in energy transfer as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP), as well as in signal transduction as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). It is also a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.

Related Terms

  • Adenine: The nitrogenous base that constitutes a part of adenosine.
  • Ribose: The sugar moiety that combines with adenine to form adenosine.
  • Adenosine triphosphate (ATP): A high-energy molecule that stores the energy we need to do just about everything.
  • Adenosine diphosphate (ADP): An important organic compound in metabolism and is essential to the flow of energy in living cells.
  • Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP): A second messenger important in many biological processes.

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