Pericardial effusion: Difference between revisions
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Pericardial effusion | {{SI}} | ||
[[ | {{Infobox medical condition | ||
| name = Pericardial effusion | |||
| image = [[File:Pericardial_effusion_with_tamponade_(cropped).gif|250px]] | |||
| caption = Echocardiogram showing pericardial effusion | |||
| field = [[Cardiology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Chest pain]], [[shortness of breath]], [[cough]], [[fatigue]] | |||
| complications = [[Cardiac tamponade]], [[constrictive pericarditis]] | |||
| onset = Gradual or sudden | |||
| duration = Variable | |||
| causes = [[Infection]], [[inflammation]], [[trauma]], [[cancer]], [[autoimmune disease]] | |||
| risks = [[Heart surgery]], [[kidney failure]], [[hypothyroidism]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Echocardiogram]], [[chest X-ray]], [[CT scan]], [[MRI]] | |||
| differential = [[Heart failure]], [[pneumonia]], [[pulmonary embolism]] | |||
| treatment = [[Pericardiocentesis]], [[anti-inflammatory medication]], [[surgery]] | |||
| prognosis = Depends on underlying cause | |||
| frequency = Common | |||
}} | |||
Pericardial effusion is fluid buildup inside of the [[pericardium]], affecting the performance of the [[heart]]. | |||
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==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
* In pericardial effusion, there is extra fluid collects between the heart and the pericardium (the sac around the heart). | * In pericardial effusion, there is extra fluid collects between the heart and the pericardium (the sac around the heart). | ||
* The extra fluid causes pressure on the heart. | * The extra fluid causes pressure on the heart. | ||
* This keeps it from pumping blood normally. | * This keeps it from pumping blood normally. | ||
* Lymph vessels may also be blocked, which can cause infection. | * Lymph vessels may also be blocked, which can cause infection. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Pericardial effusions may be caused by [[cancer]] or [[cancer treatment]], [[infection]], [[injury]], [[autoimmune disorders]], [[thyroid disease]] or [[kidney problems]] etc. | Pericardial effusions may be caused by [[cancer]] or [[cancer treatment]], [[infection]], [[injury]], [[autoimmune disorders]], [[thyroid disease]] or [[kidney problems]] etc. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
Symptoms of pericardial effusion include chest pain, rapid heartbeat, and difficulty breathing. Fever is a common symptom of acute pericarditis. | Symptoms of pericardial effusion include chest pain, rapid heartbeat, and difficulty breathing. Fever is a common symptom of acute pericarditis. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis was with physical exam, imaging tests, and heart tests such as [[echocardiography]] to make a diagnosis. | Diagnosis was with physical exam, imaging tests, and heart tests such as [[echocardiography]] to make a diagnosis. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment depends on the cause and may involve [[pericardiocentesis]] | Treatment depends on the cause and may involve [[pericardiocentesis]] | ||
==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
If the pericardial effusion is severe, it can lead to a life threatening emergency called [[cardiac tamponade]] where the heart is compressed due to pressure of the fluid in the pericardial sac. Immediate medical attention is required in thi case. | If the pericardial effusion is severe, it can lead to a life threatening emergency called [[cardiac tamponade]] where the heart is compressed due to pressure of the fluid in the pericardial sac. Immediate medical attention is required in thi case. | ||
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== External links == | == External links == | ||
{{Medical resources | {{Medical resources | ||
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| MeshID = D010490 | | MeshID = D010490 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Circulatory system pathology}} | {{Circulatory system pathology}} | ||
[[Category:Disorders of fascia]] | [[Category:Disorders of fascia]] | ||
[[Category:Pericardial disorders]] | [[Category:Pericardial disorders]] | ||
Latest revision as of 12:37, 12 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Pericardial effusion | |
|---|---|
| File:Pericardial effusion with tamponade (cropped).gif | |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Chest pain, shortness of breath, cough, fatigue |
| Complications | Cardiac tamponade, constrictive pericarditis |
| Onset | Gradual or sudden |
| Duration | Variable |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Infection, inflammation, trauma, cancer, autoimmune disease |
| Risks | Heart surgery, kidney failure, hypothyroidism |
| Diagnosis | Echocardiogram, chest X-ray, CT scan, MRI |
| Differential diagnosis | Heart failure, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Pericardiocentesis, anti-inflammatory medication, surgery |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Depends on underlying cause |
| Frequency | Common |
| Deaths | N/A |
Pericardial effusion is fluid buildup inside of the pericardium, affecting the performance of the heart.
Pathophysiology[edit]
- In pericardial effusion, there is extra fluid collects between the heart and the pericardium (the sac around the heart).
- The extra fluid causes pressure on the heart.
- This keeps it from pumping blood normally.
- Lymph vessels may also be blocked, which can cause infection.
Causes[edit]
Pericardial effusions may be caused by cancer or cancer treatment, infection, injury, autoimmune disorders, thyroid disease or kidney problems etc.
Symptoms[edit]
Symptoms of pericardial effusion include chest pain, rapid heartbeat, and difficulty breathing. Fever is a common symptom of acute pericarditis.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis was with physical exam, imaging tests, and heart tests such as echocardiography to make a diagnosis.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment depends on the cause and may involve pericardiocentesis
Complications[edit]
If the pericardial effusion is severe, it can lead to a life threatening emergency called cardiac tamponade where the heart is compressed due to pressure of the fluid in the pericardial sac. Immediate medical attention is required in thi case.
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External links[edit]
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