Pyrazinamide
Pyrazinamide
Pyrazinamide (pronounced: pye-rah-zin-uh-mide) is an antibacterial medication primarily used to treat tuberculosis. This medication is often used in combination with other drugs to combat the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria.
Etymology
The term "Pyrazinamide" is derived from its chemical structure, which includes a pyrazine ring, a type of aromatic organic compound, and an amide group, a type of functional group in organic chemistry.
Usage
Pyrazinamide is used in the initial phase of tuberculosis treatment. It is part of a standard treatment regimen for drug-susceptible tuberculosis and is used in combination with other drugs such as isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol.
Mechanism of Action
Pyrazinamide works by disrupting the metabolism of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria. It is a prodrug that is converted to the active form, pyrazinoic acid, by the bacterial enzyme pyrazinamidase. This active form disrupts the bacteria's ability to synthesize new fatty acids, a critical component of its cell wall.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Pyrazinamide include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and arthralgia. In rare cases, it can cause severe liver damage.
Related Terms
- Antibacterial
- Tuberculosis
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Pyrazine
- Amide
- Isoniazid
- Rifampicin
- Ethambutol
- Metabolism
- Pyrazinamidase
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Loss of appetite
- Arthralgia
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Pyrazinamide
- Wikipedia's article - Pyrazinamide
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