Diphenylhydantoin
Diphenylhydantoin
Diphenylhydantoin (pronounced: dye-fen-ill-hi-dan-toin), also known as Phenytoin, is a medication primarily used to control certain types of epilepsy. It is a non-sedative anticonvulsant that works by slowing down impulses in the brain that cause seizures.
Etymology
The term "Diphenylhydantoin" is derived from its chemical structure, which consists of two phenyl groups attached to a hydantoin group. The term "hydantoin" itself comes from the Greek words "hydor" meaning water, and "antoin" meaning flower, referring to the crystalline structure of the compound.
Usage
Diphenylhydantoin is used to prevent and control seizures. It is also used to prevent seizures during or after surgery. It works by reducing the spread of seizure activity in the brain and restoring the normal balance of nerve activity.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Diphenylhydantoin include nausea, vomiting, constipation, dizziness, headache, and trouble sleeping. Serious side effects may include skin rash, liver problems, and low blood cell counts.
Related Terms
- Anticonvulsant: A type of medication used to prevent seizures.
- Epilepsy: A neurological disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness, or convulsions, associated with abnormal electrical activity in the brain.
- Phenytoin: Another name for Diphenylhydantoin.
- Seizure: A sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Diphenylhydantoin
- Wikipedia's article - Diphenylhydantoin
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