Thiazolidinedione

Thiazolidinediones (pronounced: thy-uh-zoh-lih-deen-dye-ohns), also known as glitazones, are a class of medications used in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. They are part of the larger group of insulin sensitizers.

Etymology

The term "Thiazolidinedione" is derived from the chemical structure of these drugs, which includes a thiazolidine ring and a dione group. The suffix "-dione" is used in organic chemistry to denote a compound containing two carbonyl groups.

Usage

Thiazolidinediones are used to lower blood glucose levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes. They work by binding to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), a receptor that regulates the transcription of several genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. This binding increases the body's sensitivity to insulin, allowing more glucose to be taken up into cells and lowering blood glucose levels.

Related Terms

Insulin resistance: A condition in which the body's cells become less responsive to the effects of insulin. Thiazolidinediones are used to increase insulin sensitivity in these cases.
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs): A group of nuclear receptor proteins that function as transcription factors regulating the expression of genes. Thiazolidinediones bind to one type of these receptors, PPARγ.
Type 2 diabetes: A chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar (glucose). Thiazolidinediones are used as a treatment option for this condition.

Side Effects

Like all medications, Thiazolidinediones can have side effects. These may include weight gain, fluid retention, and an increased risk of heart failure. It is important to discuss these potential risks with a healthcare provider before starting treatment.

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Thiazolidinedione
Wikipedia's article - Thiazolidinedione

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Thiazolidinedione