Scaling and root planing

Scaling and root planing, also known as conventional periodontal therapy, non-surgical periodontal therapy, or deep cleaning, is a procedure involving removal of dental plaque and calculus (scaling or debridement) and then smoothing, or planing, of the (exposed) surfaces of the roots, removing cementum or dentine that is impregnated with calculus, toxins, or microorganisms, the etiologic agents that cause inflammation. This helps to establish a periodontium that is in remission of periodontal disease. Periodontal scalers and periodontal curettes are some of the tools involved.

Procedure

In the procedure of scaling and root planing, the dentist or dental hygienist will use manual hand instruments and/or ultrasonic instruments. These tools allow the dental professional to reach deposits of plaque and tartar beneath the gum line that would be impossible to reach with a toothbrush or floss alone.

Indications

Scaling and root planing is performed to treat periodontal disease. Chronic periodontal diseases are infectious diseases caused by bacteria in the dental plaque. The bacteria cause inflammation of the gums, which can lead to damage of the periodontal ligament and the alveolar bone, leading to tooth loss in severe cases.

Risks and complications

As with any medical procedure, there are some risks and potential complications associated with scaling and root planing. These can include infection, tooth sensitivity, and gum discomfort. However, these risks are generally low and the procedure is considered safe for most patients.

Aftercare

After the procedure, patients may experience some tooth sensitivity and gum tenderness, but these symptoms should subside within a few days. Good oral hygiene practices, including regular brushing and flossing, can help to prevent the recurrence of periodontal disease.

See also

• Periodontitis
• Gingivitis
• Dental plaque
• Dental calculus
• Periodontal scaler
• Periodontal curette

References

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