Adenine nucleotide translocator
Adenine Nucleotide Translocator
The Adenine Nucleotide Translocator (ANT), also known as the Adenine Nucleotide Carrier (ANC), is a protein that plays a crucial role in cellular respiration within the mitochondria. Pronounced as /ˈædɪniːn ˌnjuːklɪəˈtaɪd trænsˈləʊkeɪtər/, the term originates from the Greek words "adenos" (gland) and "nucleotide" (a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group), and "translocator" (one that translocates).
Function
The primary function of the ANT is to exchange adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) across the mitochondrial inner membrane. This process is vital for cellular energy production.
Structure
ANT is a transmembrane protein that spans the inner mitochondrial membrane. It is composed of a homodimer, each monomer containing six transmembrane alpha helices.
Clinical Significance
Mutations in the ANT gene can lead to certain genetic disorders, including autosomal recessive progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO), a condition characterized by progressive weakness of the eye muscles.
Related Terms
- Mitochondria
- Adenosine triphosphate
- Adenosine diphosphate
- Transmembrane protein
- Alpha helices
- Autosomal recessive
- Progressive external ophthalmoplegia
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Adenine nucleotide translocator
- Wikipedia's article - Adenine nucleotide translocator
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